Intelligent CISO Issue 21 | Page 41

E R T N P X E INIO OP Why deepfakes are revolutionising the world of phishing As cybercriminals continue to grow their weapons arsenal, utilising new methods such as voice phishing to cause further damage, it’s important that organisations step up their defences. Jonathan Miles, Head of Strategic Intelligence and Security Research, Mimecast, tells us how these attacks are conducted and offers advice to CISOs on the steps they can take to mitigate against them. S ince the dawn of social engineering, attack methodology has remained largely unchanged. But the rise in electronic communications and the departure from in-person interaction has changed this dynamic. BEC attacks rose in prominence, using email fraud to assail their targets via invoice scams and spear phishing spoof attacks to gather data for other criminal activities. Deepfake attacks, or voice phishing attacks, are an extension of BECs and have introduced a new dimension to the attacker’s arsenal. Social engineering attacks, commonly perpetrated through impersonation and phishing, are an effective tactic www.intelligentciso.com | Issue 21 Jonathan Miles, Head of Strategic Intelligence and Security Research, Mimecast for criminal entities and threat actors and have shown a sustained increase throughout 2019. Threat actors impersonate email addresses, domains, subdomains, landing pages, websites, mobile apps and social media profiles, often in combination, to trick targets into surrendering credentials and other personal information or installing malware. However, this methodology has been worsened by adding a new layer of duplicity: the use of deepfakes, or voice phishing, is becoming more prevalent as an additional vector used in conjunction with business email compromise (BEC) for eliciting fraudulent fund transfers. What is a deepfake? Deepfake, a combination of Deep Learning and fake, is a process that combines and superimposes existing images and videos onto source media to produce a fabricated end product. It is a technique that employs Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence to create synthetic human image or voice content and is considered to be social engineering since its aim is to deceive or coerce individuals. In today’s charged global political climate, the output of a deepfake attack can also be used to create distrust, change opinion and cause reputational damage. A Deep Learning model will be trained using a large, labelled dataset comprised of video or audio samples, until it reaches an acceptable level of accuracy. With adequate training the model will be able to synthesise a face or voice that matches the training data to a high enough degree that it will be perceived as authentic. 41