Intelligent CISO Issue 08 | Page 30

editor’s question and reduce the risk of suffering from a damaging data breach. SHANNON SIMPSON, CYBER SECURITY AND COMPLIANCE DIRECTOR AT SIX DEGREES T raditional password policies are becoming outdated, as hackers step up their efforts to gain illicit access to systems and data. In this age of phishing emails, ransomware attacks and rumoured state-sponsored hacking regimes, the humble password is in danger of being overlooked. Many organisations that we speak to set their password policies a number of years ago and expect that semi-regular updates and the occasional uppercase letter to protect them from cyberattack. The truth is that modern password hacking techniques – fuelled by the constant increase in processing power available to hackers – require organisations to do more to strengthen their password security. Here, we provide five best practice tips to improve your organisation’s password security 30 Strengthen your password security: Best practice tips To understand what makes a strong password, we need to look at how hackers crack weak passwords. Most password attacks rely on the attacker having access to the ‘hash’ of a user’s password. A hash is a one-way cryptographic function that takes the user’s password and transforms it into another randomised and non-human readable string. Attackers attempt to crack hashes by trying different inputs into the given hashing algorithm until the resulting hash they get matches that of the user’s actual password. Hackers use dictionary attacks to test a list of words to see if the resulting hash matches a stolen user hash. Hackers will literally run through a dictionary and attempt every word until they find a match and – in case you thought replacing an ‘e’ with a ‘3’ or an ‘o’ with a ‘0’ would foil them – they use word In this age of phishing emails, ransomware attacks and rumoured state-sponsored hacking regimes, the humble password is in danger of being overlooked. mangling algorithms to ensure that these common substitutions are accounted for. So how can your organisation strengthen its password security? By learning the lessons from how hackers attempt to crack passwords: Use passphrases, not passwords. Passwords are relatively easy to hack, no matter how many numbers and symbols are substituted for letters. Consider implementing passphrases: ‘luxury dinosaur astronomy mountain’ is unlikely to appear in a hacker’s dictionary. Apply the same rule to everyone. We often speak to organisations who have special rules for senior executives. Just because your CEO doesn’t want to remember a complex password doesn’t mean they should be allowed to remain a security risk. Education, education, education. Teach your users how to create strong passwords. Always use lowercase and uppercase letters, numbers and symbols and if you struggle to convince users to set passwords with at least 12 characters, compromise with 10. Utilise a password management tool. It’s best practice to never use the same password twice. But how can your users be expected to memorise so many complex passphrases? Password management tools store passphrases in a secure, encrypted manner – perfect for users who access multiple different systems each day. Implement multi-factor authentication. Passphrases alone may not be enough. By implementing multi-factor authentication, you can ensure that hackers are unable to gain illicit access to systems and data, even if they manage to hack your passphrase. The threats posed to organisations by hackers have never been greater. Fortunately, if you apply a robust password policy you can significantly strengthen your password security and reduce the risk of suffering from a damaging cyberattack. u Issue 08 | www.intelligentciso.com